Material properties of veneered birch plywood's multi-layer structure

Veneered birch plywood is usually made up of 3 or more layers of birch veneer, with the wood grain of each layer arranged perpendicular to each other. This staggered design gives the material good mechanical properties in all directions, avoiding the local fragility of wood due to the characteristics of a single grain direction. It has higher uniformity and structural stability than solid wood panels.

Veneer layer: Each layer of birch veneer is usually about 1 to 3 mm thick, depending on the use of the final product and the required mechanical properties. Thinner veneers make the whole board more uniform, while thicker boards are better in load-bearing strength and resistance to bending.

Staggered arrangement: The grain direction of each layer of wood is staggered, making the board effectively resist the natural shrinkage and expansion of wood. Natural wood tends to deform along the grain direction when the humidity changes, but by staggering, the layered structure of veneered birch plywood can disperse stress in different directions, reducing the risk of warping or cracking. This property is particularly important for furniture and building materials used in different climatic conditions.
Glue bonding: The glue used to bond veneers is usually a glue with strong water resistance and high environmental standards, such as phenolic resin or polyvinyl alcohol glue. These glues ensure the stability of the board in long-term use while reducing the release of harmful chemicals and meeting environmental requirements. The uniform distribution of glue between the layers plays a key role. It not only improves the durability of the material, but also affects the vibration response of the material by providing additional damping.